▼ 13 p.p.
vs 2021/22 season
We identified 170 real signings for the first-team squad — academy promotions, loan returns and transfers that never went through are excluded. 8 youth investments (under-23) are classified separately. This edition introduces the adjusted hit rate, which statistically weights clubs with few signings to avoid small-sample distortions.
Club Ranking
| Club | League pos. | Signings | Evaluated |
Successful | Fair | Unsuccessful | Raw % | Adjusted % |
|---|
| 1 | SC Freiburg | 5º | 4 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 75% | 49% |
| 2 | Borussia Dortmund | 2º | 9 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 50% | 43% |
| 3 | VfL Wolfsburg | 8º | 6 | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 50% | 42% |
| 4 | Borussia Mönchengladbach | 10º | 4 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 50% | 40% |
| 5 | Union Berlin | 4º | 13 | 13 | 3 | 5 | 5 | 42% | 40% |
| 6 | Bayern München | 1º | 8 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 44% | 40% |
| 7 | FC Augsburg | 16º | 9 | 8 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 44% | 40% |
| 8 | 1899 Hoffenheim | 13º | 8 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 43% | 39% |
| 9 | Werder Bremen | 14º | 11 | 11 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 41% | 39% |
| 10 | Eintracht Frankfurt | 7º | 11 | 10 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 40% | 38% |
| 11 | 1. FC Köln | 11º | 7 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 36% | 36% |
| 12 | Bayer Leverkusen | 6º | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 33% | 35% |
| 13 | FSV Mainz 05 | 9º | 6 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 33% | 34% |
| 14 | FC Schalke 04 | 17º | 31 | 29 | 6 | 5 | 18 | 29% | 31% |
| 15 | VfL Bochum | 15º | 12 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 25% | 29% |
| 16 | VfB Stuttgart | 12º | 7 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 21% | 29% |
| 17 | Hertha BSC | 18º | 9 | 9 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 17% | 26% |
| 18 | Hamburger SV | 19º | 6 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0% | 24% |
| 19 | RB Leipzig | 3º | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0% | 22% |
The Adjusted % applies Bayesian weighting toward the league average (35%), proportional to the volume of signings — the ranking's official order.
Hit rate by transfer window
| Window | Signings | Hit rate % |
|---|
| Start-of-season window (Dec-Apr) | 58 | 26% |
| Mid-year window (May-Aug) | 112 | 39% |
Season Highlights
| Player | Club | Pos | Min | G+A | Nota | Rating |
|---|
| Randal Kolo Muani | Eintracht Frankfurt | F | 2646 | 15+11 | 7.13 | Excellent |
| Marvin Ducksch | Werder Bremen | F | 2863 | 12+6 | 7.27 | Excellent |
| Philipp Hofmann | VfL Bochum | F | 2642 | 8+2 | 7.04 | Excellent |
| Kevin Stöger | VfL Bochum | M | 2609 | 5+3 | 7.11 | Excellent |
| Marius Bülter | FC Schalke 04 | M | 2604 | 11+1 | 6.85 | Excellent |
| Ermedin Demirović | FC Augsburg | F | 2379 | 8+4 | 6.87 | Excellent |
Methodology
Each evaluated signing is classified into five tiers from a score that combines match ratings, attacking output adjusted for game time, collective contribution and consistency, in comparison with the other players in the competition. Successful signings count as a full point; Fair ones, half a point. Signings without relevant game time are unsuccessful, except for youth investments (under-23) and serious, documented injuries.
Appendix — Signings by club
* Youth investment (under-23, no game time) — outside the calculation.
1. FC Köln (7 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Linton Maina | 34 | 2259 | 3 | 7 | Excellent |
| Steffen Tigges | 31 | 1599 | 6 | 1 | Good |
| Davie Selke | 18 | 875 | 5 | 0 | Fair |
| Sargis Adamyan | 28 | 653 | 1 | 2 | Below expectations |
| Florian Dietz | 11 | 391 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Kristian Pedersen | 23 | 274 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Matthias Köbbing | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
1899 Hoffenheim (8 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Angeliño | 33 | 2622 | 0 | 8 | Excellent |
| Ozan Kabak | 31 | 2393 | 2 | 2 | Good |
| Grischa Prömel | 18 | 1457 | 1 | 1 | Good |
| John Brooks | 17 | 1350 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Stanley N'Soki | 23 | 1286 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Kasper Dolberg | 15 | 402 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Thomas Delaney | 10 | 302 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Eduardo Quaresma * | 11 | 85 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
Bayer Leverkusen (4 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Adam Hložek | 32 | 1314 | 5 | 3 | Good |
| Callum Hudson-Odoi | 22 | 605 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Noah Mbamba * | 12 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Patrick Pentz | 15 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Bayern München (8 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Matthijs de Ligt | 32 | 2414 | 3 | 1 | Good |
| Yann Sommer | 19 | 1714 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Sadio Mané | 26 | 1441 | 7 | 5 | Excellent |
| Noussair Mazraoui | 26 | 1073 | 1 | 4 | Below expectations |
| João Cancelo | 16 | 1017 | 1 | 4 | Good |
| Ryan Gravenberch | 32 | 573 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Mathys Tel | 31 | 412 | 5 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Daley Blind | 19 | 135 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Borussia Dortmund (9 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Nico Schlotterbeck | 31 | 2256 | 4 | 5 | Good |
| Niklas Süle | 31 | 2131 | 2 | 3 | Good |
| Salih Özcan | 31 | 1578 | 0 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Julian Ryerson | 17 | 1416 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Karim Adeyemi | 25 | 1399 | 6 | 5 | Good |
| Sébastien Haller | 19 | 1234 | 9 | 3 | Excellent |
| Anthony Modeste | 31 | 814 | 2 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Alexander Meyer | 34 | 630 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Marcel Laurenz Lotka | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Borussia Mönchengladbach (4 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Ko Itakura | 24 | 1982 | 0 | 2 | Good |
| Julian Weigl | 24 | 1900 | 1 | 0 | Fair |
| Jonas Omlin | 15 | 1291 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Nathan N'Goumou | 30 | 700 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Eintracht Frankfurt (11 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Mario Götze | 32 | 2749 | 3 | 1 | Excellent |
| Randal Kolo Muani | 32 | 2646 | 15 | 11 | Excellent |
| Aurélio Buta | 19 | 1321 | 3 | 2 | Good |
| Junior Dina Ebimbe | 22 | 1066 | 3 | 1 | Fair |
| Philipp Max | 10 | 697 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Luca Pellegrini | 10 | 558 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Hrvoje Smolčić | 24 | 472 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Lucas Alario | 29 | 333 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Faride Alidou | 25 | 189 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Paxten Aaronson * | 13 | 170 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Jérôme Onguene | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
FC Augsburg (9 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Elvis Rexhbecaj | 31 | 2535 | 0 | 0 | Good |
| Ermedin Demirović | 30 | 2379 | 8 | 4 | Excellent |
| Maximilian Bauer | 33 | 1852 | 0 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Mergim Berisha | 23 | 1689 | 9 | 4 | Excellent |
| Julian Baumgartlinger | 27 | 562 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Kelvin Yeboah | 15 | 346 | 1 | 1 | Fair |
| Irvin Cardona | 12 | 311 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| David Čolina * | 12 | 160 | 1 | 0 | Investment |
| Nathanael Mbuku | 13 | 32 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
FC Schalke 04 (31 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Marius Bülter | 33 | 2604 | 11 | 1 | Excellent |
| Maya Yoshida | 31 | 2554 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Tom Krauß | 32 | 2529 | 2 | 0 | Good |
| Alex Král | 32 | 2357 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Cedric Brunner | 28 | 2322 | 0 | 0 | Good |
| Alexander Schwolow | 34 | 2034 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Simon Terodde | 33 | 1838 | 5 | 0 | Good |
| Dominick Drexler | 27 | 1367 | 4 | 3 | Excellent |
| Rodrigo Zalazar | 25 | 1327 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Kenan Karaman | 26 | 978 | 1 | 2 | Below expectations |
| Moritz Jenz | 11 | 945 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Thomas Ouwejan | 23 | 911 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Michael Frey | 19 | 874 | 0 | 3 | Below expectations |
| Danny Latza | 27 | 863 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Tobias Mohr | 26 | 834 | 0 | 3 | Below expectations |
| Sepp van den Berg | 10 | 696 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Jere Uronen | 11 | 680 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Sebastian Polter | 20 | 637 | 2 | 3 | Fair |
| Marcin Kamiński | 18 | 631 | 2 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Jordan Larsson | 15 | 462 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Tim Skarke | 10 | 441 | 1 | 1 | Fair |
| Florent Mollet | 12 | 407 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Leo Greiml | 19 | 363 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Éder Balanta | 9 | 239 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Timothée Kolodziejczak | 4 | 24 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Justin Heekeren * | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Niklas Tauer | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Lee Dong-Gyeong | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Marvin Pieringer * | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Andreas Vindheim | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Ibrahima Cissé | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
FSV Mainz 05 (6 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Anthony Caci | 34 | 2053 | 2 | 1 | Fair |
| Andreas Hanche-Olsen | 18 | 1498 | 1 | 2 | Fair |
| Ludovic Ajorque | 17 | 1220 | 6 | 1 | Excellent |
| Maxim Leitsch | 19 | 662 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Aymen Barkok | 33 | 578 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Angelo Fulgini | 18 | 523 | 0 | 1 | Below expectations |
Hamburger SV (6 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Jean-Luc Dompe | 2 | 155 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Francisco Montero | 2 | 72 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| William Mikelbrencis * | 2 | 21 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
| Matheo Raab | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| László Bénes | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Giorgi Chakvetadze * | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Investment |
Hertha BSC (9 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Jonjoe Kenny | 33 | 2249 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Filip Uremović | 27 | 1736 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Agustín Rogel | 24 | 1431 | 0 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Wilfried Kanga | 24 | 1424 | 2 | 0 | Fair |
| Jean-Paul Boëtius | 24 | 1046 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Ivan Šunjić | 25 | 1001 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Chidera Ejuke | 20 | 889 | 0 | 3 | Fair |
| Florian Niederlechner | 17 | 794 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Tolga Ciğerci | 12 | 679 | 0 | 1 | Below expectations |
RB Leipzig (5 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Janis Blaswich | 33 | 2340 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| David Raum | 33 | 1705 | 0 | 2 | Below expectations |
| Xaver Schlager | 27 | 1505 | 1 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Abdou Diallo | 20 | 487 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Ørjan Nyland | 25 | 180 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
SC Freiburg (4 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Matthias Ginter | 34 | 3060 | 4 | 1 | Excellent |
| Ritsu Doan | 33 | 2442 | 5 | 4 | Excellent |
| Michael Gregoritsch | 31 | 2170 | 10 | 4 | Excellent |
| Daniel-Kofi Kyereh | 14 | 564 | 2 | 0 | Below expectations |
Union Berlin (13 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Diogo Leite | 30 | 2258 | 0 | 1 | Fair |
| Danilho Doekhi | 29 | 2218 | 5 | 1 | Good |
| Janik Haberer | 32 | 2213 | 5 | 1 | Excellent |
| Jordan Siebatcheu | 33 | 1371 | 4 | 3 | Good |
| Jérôme Roussillon | 16 | 967 | 0 | 2 | Fair |
| Josip Juranović | 18 | 933 | 2 | 1 | Below expectations |
| Aissa Laïdouni | 16 | 879 | 2 | 0 | Fair |
| Morten Thorsby | 27 | 835 | 1 | 1 | Fair |
| Paul Seguin | 24 | 688 | 1 | 3 | Fair |
| Lennart Grill | 34 | 450 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Jamie Leweling | 30 | 282 | 1 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Miloš Pantović | 20 | 214 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Tim Skarke | 6 | 50 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
VfB Stuttgart (7 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Sehrou Guirassy | 25 | 1791 | 12 | 1 | Excellent |
| Josha Vagnoman | 29 | 1656 | 3 | 2 | Fair |
| Dan-Axel Zagadou | 24 | 1319 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Genki Haraguchi | 17 | 758 | 0 | 2 | Did not deliver |
| Luca Pfeiffer | 28 | 741 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Juan José Perea | 31 | 433 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Gil Dias | 10 | 402 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
VfL Bochum (12 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Philipp Hofmann | 34 | 2642 | 8 | 2 | Excellent |
| Kevin Stöger | 32 | 2609 | 5 | 3 | Excellent |
| Ivan Ordets | 32 | 2464 | 0 | 0 | Fair |
| Philipp Förster | 31 | 1311 | 3 | 7 | Fair |
| Saidy Janko | 26 | 1146 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Dominique Heintz | 21 | 798 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Jordi Osei-Tutu | 27 | 751 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Keven Schlotterbeck | 16 | 730 | 2 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Pierre Kunde | 16 | 396 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Jacek Góralski | 5 | 145 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Jannes Horn | 10 | 58 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Lys Mousset | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
VfL Wolfsburg (6 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Jakub Kamiński | 33 | 2067 | 4 | 2 | Good |
| Mattias Svanberg | 33 | 1841 | 4 | 6 | Excellent |
| Patrick Wimmer | 26 | 1664 | 4 | 8 | Excellent |
| Kilian Fischer | 25 | 502 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Bartol Franjić | 15 | 230 | 0 | 1 | Did not deliver |
| Nicolas Cozza | 15 | 97 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
Werder Bremen (11 signings)
| Player | Matches | Minutes | Goals | Assists | Rating |
|---|
| Marvin Ducksch | 34 | 2863 | 12 | 6 | Excellent |
| Anthony Jung | 34 | 2635 | 2 | 5 | Excellent |
| Niklas Stark | 31 | 2082 | 0 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Amos Pieper | 29 | 1962 | 2 | 1 | Good |
| Jens Stage | 33 | 1860 | 3 | 3 | Good |
| Niklas Schmidt | 33 | 1083 | 3 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Lee Buchanan | 30 | 476 | 1 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Maximilian Philipp | 15 | 436 | 1 | 0 | Below expectations |
| Oliver Burke | 18 | 267 | 2 | 0 | Fair |
| Michael Zetterer | 34 | 151 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |
| Nicolai Rapp | 11 | 82 | 0 | 0 | Did not deliver |